|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Case and Tense in the ‘fossilized’ steady state
Donna Lardiere
Georgetown University
This article reviews recent SLA studies which have methodologically assumed a direct relation between the acquisition of inflectional morphology and the development of functional phrase structure in the syntax. Results from naturalistic production data collected over eight years apart are reported, establishing the ‘fossilization’ of English L2 tense morphology for an adult native Chinese speaker at a consistently very low rate of suppliance (approximately 34%) in obligatory contexts. Nevertheless, in addition to robust evidence for CP in the grammar, the data also show perfect distribution of pronominal case (100%) in all contexts, suggesting the presence of a TP bearing a fully specified [± finite] feature. Viewed in light of the steady state (in other words, where grammatical development has ‘ended up’), these results indicate that the courses of syntactic and morphological development are independent and that the mapping between them is much less direct than previously supposed. I conclude that it is this mapping itself, in the morphology or PF component, which may be imperfectly acquired, and from which a lack of functional categories or extended phrase structure development may not be inferred.
Second Language Research, Vol. 14, No. 1,
1-26 (1998)
DOI: 10.1191/026765898674105303
 CiteULike  Complore  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati  Twitter What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
D. Lardiere
Further thoughts on parameters and features in second language acquisition: a reply to peer comments on Lardiere's `Some thoughts on the contrastive analysis of features in second language acquisition' in SLR 25(2)
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2009;
25(3):
409 - 422.
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. White
Some questions about feature re-assembly
Second Language Research,
April 1, 2009;
25(2):
343 - 348.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Guijarro-Fuente and L. A. Ortiz Lopez
Creole/Spanish contact and the acquisition of clitics on the Dominican-Haitian border
International Journal of Bilingualism,
December 1, 2008;
12(4):
231 - 262.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. McCarthy
Morphological variability in the comprehension of agreement: an argument for representation over computation
Second Language Research,
October 1, 2008;
24(4):
459 - 486.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Jia and A. Fuse
Acquisition of English Grammatical Morphology by Native Mandarin-Speaking Children and Adolescents: Age-Related Differences
J Speech Lang Hear Res,
October 1, 2007;
50(5):
1280 - 1299.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Bolonyai
(In)vulnerable agreement in incomplete bilingual L1 learners
International Journal of Bilingualism,
March 1, 2007;
11(1):
3 - 23.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Goad and L. White
Ultimate attainment in interlanguage grammars: a prosodic approach
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2006;
22(3):
243 - 268.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Hawkins and H. Hattori
Interpretation of English multiple wh-questions by Japanese speakers: a missing uninterpretable feature account
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2006;
22(3):
269 - 301.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Slabakova
Is there a critical period for semantics?
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2006;
22(3):
302 - 338.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Hopp
Syntactic features and reanalysis in near-native processing
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2006;
22(3):
369 - 397.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Fidler
Reconceptualizing fossilization in second language acquisition: a review
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2006;
22(3):
398 - 411.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Liszka
Exploring the effects of first language influence on second language pragmatic processes from a syntactic deficit perspective
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2004;
20(3):
212 - 231.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Han
`To be a native speaker means not to be a nonnative speaker'
Second Language Research,
April 1, 2004;
20(2):
166 - 187.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Lardiere
Revisiting the comparative fallacy: a reply to Lakshmanan and Selinker, 2001
Second Language Research,
April 1, 2003;
19(2):
129 - 143.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Haznedar
The status of functional categories in child second language acquisition: evidence from the acquisition of CP
Second Language Research,
January 1, 2003;
19(1):
1 - 41.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Slabakova
Semantic evidence for functional categories in interlanguage grammars
Second Language Research,
January 1, 2003;
19(1):
42 - 75.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Bhatt and B. Hancin-Bhatt
Structural Minimality, CP and the initial state in second language acquisition
Second Language Research,
October 1, 2002;
18(4):
348 - 392.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ionin and K. Wexler
Why is 'is' easier than '-s'?: acquisition of tense/agreement morphology by child second language learners of English
Second Language Research,
April 1, 2002;
18(2):
95 - 136.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Hawkins
The theoretical significance of Universal Grammar in second language acquisition
Second Language Research,
October 1, 2001;
17(4):
345 - 367.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Lakshmanan and L. Selinker
Analysing interlanguage: how do we know what learners know?
Second Language Research,
October 1, 2001;
17(4):
393 - 420.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Franceschina
Morphological or syntactic deficits in near-native speakers? An assessment of some current proposals
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2001;
17(3):
213 - 247.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Yuan
The status of thematic verbs in the second language acquisition of Chinese: against inevitability of thematic-verb raising in second language acquisition
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2001;
17(3):
248 - 272.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Herschensohn
Missing inflection in second language French: accidental infinitives and other verbal deficits
Second Language Research,
July 1, 2001;
17(3):
273 - 305.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Montrul
First-language-constrained variability in the second-language acquisition of argument-structure-changing morphology with causative verbs
Second Language Research,
April 1, 2001;
17(2):
144 - 194.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. C. Klein
(Mis)construing null prepositions in L2 intergrammars: a commentary and proposal
Second Language Research,
January 1, 2001;
17(1):
37 - 70.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Prevost and L. White
Missing Surface Inflection or Impairment in second language acquisition? Evidence from tense and agreement
Second Language Research,
April 1, 2000;
16(2):
103 - 133.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Robertson
Variability in the use of the English article system by Chinese learners of English
Second Language Research,
April 1, 2000;
16(2):
135 - 172.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Papp
Stable and developmental optionality in native and non-native Hungarian grammars
Second Language Research,
April 1, 2000;
16(2):
173 - 200.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Liceras, E. Valenzuela, and L. Diaz
L1/L2 Spanish grammars and the pragmatic deficit hypothesis
Second Language Research,
April 1, 1999;
15(2):
161 - 190.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Lardiere
Dissociating syntax from morphology in a divergent L2 end-state grammar
Second Language Research,
October 1, 1998;
14(4):
359 - 375.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
